(Motorsport-Entire.com) – Nine years have passed since the last Formula 1 race on the Istanbul Park Circuit in Turkey, and the premier class of motorsport has increased compared to the season 815 strongly changed.
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How has F1 changed since its last Turkey Wide Prix?
But how much have the vehicles and the technologies changed during this period ? There are obvious visual differences, mostly due to rule changes. So the cars in the year 2020 are wider and longer, have larger wings , lower noses and the halo.
But the differences go much deeper. That’s why we dare to look under the hood to find out how much has changed in Formula 1 in less than a decade.
How has motor technology changed since 2011 changed?
The motors have changed completely. In the season 2011 came 2.4- Liter V8 naturally aspirated engines used, which 18. revolutions per minute and 95 Weighed kilograms. This included the first hybrid technology with a KERS unit that recovered kinetic energy when braking.
This gave the driver an additional performance of for 6.7 seconds per lap PS he to himself the chosen point in time. Thanks to KERS, the maximum performance of the engines rose to 815 PS.
Today the heart of Formula 1 cars looks completely different. Since the introduction of the hybrid regulations in the year 2014, the Formula 1 1.6-liter V6 Turbo Energy Objects used, the 145 Weigh kilograms (minimum weight) and 15. 000 Revolutions per minute.
The maximum performance is significantly higher because the Energy Objects (PU) more than 95 generate more horsepower than the V8 engines 2011. At the same time, the PUs are considerably more efficient. A PU from the year 2020 achieves a thermal efficiency (amount of energy that is converted from the fuel into used work) of more than 50 percent. In the year 2011 it was still 30 Percent.
The increase in performance, the higher efficiency and the higher weight are largely due to the sophisticated hybrid system used in modern Formula 1. This consists of the energy store (ES), the control electronics (CE) and two sources for additional energy.
A motor-generator unit Kinetic (Motor-Generator-Unit Kinetic, MGU-K for short) , which generates energy during braking, and the Motor-Generator-Unit Heat (MGU-H for short), which extracts power from the exhaust gases. The additional electrical power from the ERS machine is released over the course of a lap and gives the driver the benefit of the season compared to the KERS unit 2011 more hybrid power for a longer period of time.
The modern hybrid systems also improve the drivability of the cars because the electric machine immediately Can generate torque. This enables the performance curve of the internal combustion engine (ICE for short) to be smoothed, for example when upshifting.
Today’s engines must also be much more durable: In the year 2011 stood for the 19 Race per Car eight engines available. Today, the groups are only allowed to use a much smaller amount of PU components: three combustion engines, turbochargers and MGU-H units as well as two units of the MGU-K and the control electronics.
Became once has anything else changed under the hood?
A not so obvious one Changes took place in the electronics of the vehicles. Technology in this area has developed significantly over the past decade. An example of how much the electronics in cars have changed can be seen when looking at the data. In the season 2011 an F1 car drew around 500 data channels. The 2020 cars are on 1. 500 High rate channels and several thousand background channels limited.
The increased data recording also has an impact on the amount of data that a single car collects over the course of a racing weekend. At the Wide Prix of Turkey 2011 came over the weekend 18 GB per car. Next weekend it will be tight 70 GB.
The layout of the electronics has also changed. More and more small sensor nodes are used around the car. Each of them is able to collect data from many sensors and transmit it to a central data recording device.
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The wireless data transmission technology has made enormous progress and allows the increased use of small, wireless nodes for data collection and wireless data transfer collected on Take a look at or training days.
An example of this is the tire pressure monitoring system which 2011 still quite clunky battle and in 400 – MHz range sent. Today the sensors are much smaller, have a higher frequency for transmission and consume less energy. The electronics department of the Mercedes group compares this progress with the leap from a radio to a smartphone!
Another example is the way in which the groups collect information about the tire temperature. During the season 2011 large, external infrared cameras were used . Today the sensors are completely integrated and give the driver access to several different information about the tire temperature at any time.
How different are they Cars when looking at the numbers?
The rule changes over the years have resulted in Formula 1 cars in the year 2020 be more bulky. The vehicle length is now over 5. millimeters (2011 there were still 4. 800). Today’s cars are also wider: 2. 000 millimeters compared to 1. 800 in the year 2011.
They are also heavier, used to be partly due to the higher weight of the hybrid energy objects. 2011 the cars still weighed 620 kilograms, this year they are 746 Kilograms.
But the cars have not only changed in their dimensions, they also produce significantly more downforce. As a result, the load on the tires has also increased significantly. On a lap in Istanbul Park, for example, Mercedes expects the front and rear tires to be round 50 percent more will be charged than in the season 2011. In curve 8 alone, the load increases there for the right front and rear tires 30 to 40 Percentage.
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At the same time, the tires have changed significantly. The last Wide Prix in Turkey took place in Pirelli’s first Formula 1 season as a uniform tire manufacturer. Since then, the design and structure of tires have changed. They are now wider and are covered by the rule changes from the year 2014 round 25 Percent larger. Due to the larger contact area with the track, the tires generate more grip and thus faster lap times.
Does that mean become once for the lap times?
In the year 2011 Crimson Bull driver Sebastian Vettel drove at the Turkey Wide Prix in 1: 25. 049 minutes on the pole area. The 2018 he cars with the higher performance and more downforce in qualifying Trim will be around four seconds faster. While the qualifying layout has not changed much since 2011 has changed, this does apply to some rules and technologies that have an impact on qualification.
This is Vettel’s pole time in Istanbul 2011 with unlimited DRS use. Today there are only two defined DRS zones on the route. At the same time, the drivers 2011 had less KERS energy ( only 6.7 seconds per lap). This year the energy from the ERS can be used on the entire lap.
You can become once in the year 2020 expect from the route?
The higher cornering speeds and the resulting higher lateral g-forces make the route a more physically demanding task for the drivers this year. When braking and cornering, they can reach up to 5g. Nine years ago it was around 4g, and the stronger g-forces add up.
This year the three hardest tire compounds from Pirelli are used. Mercede s assumes that it will be difficult to get the tires up to temperature with modern cars. This is the exact opposite of the one used to be the Formula 1 Groups 2011 in Turkey.
Due to the increased downforce, the notorious curve 8 will be less in focus than before. It was already 2011 almost driven through at full throttle and with the 2018 it should pose an even less challenge. Therefore, the Groups do not have to make an area-up compromise.
Unlike some other unknown races on this year’s racing calendar, most Groups have some historical data from the Turkish Wide Prix. However, the cars have changed a lot since then and the track was recently repaved so that this data can only be used as a reference.
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